Valves, Definitions and Applications 1. Ball valve : used instead of butterfly less than 32 mm diameter: Is used to regulate the flow. 2. Butterfly valve : used to control the flow and used instead of ball valve for > 32 mm 3. Gate valve: it is used to completely turn off or turn on the flow which ball valve and butterfly valve is normally not used for 4. Check valve: used for unidirectional flow and avoid back flow. Used normally in discharge line of pumps and where flow happens when certain pressure difference forces for back flow. Provided in the supply side of the machines to prevent backflow into the machine. It does not have any handles or whatever. So, it is easier to recognize. 5. Strainer: mostly provided at inlet of the machines to avoid the waste enters the machine and damage t...
Are you tired of trying to hard trying to save project or goals from falling apart? I was. So, I have come up with some ideas that will help in managing the stress retaining the efficiency your work demands. Below I have listed some of them. If you have some, let me know in the comment section. 1. To make any work efficient, Break down the work into many smaller steps. 2. Which steps are repeated often? Try to automate or use easier tools for the work. 3. Which Steps requires more time and attention? Use efficient tools and manpower. 4. There are some items or actions that may seem insignificant but the work cannot be moved forward without them. 5. Make the decisions regarding the things that take a long time. For example, if the project needs airplane after some months and You need to order from others. Otherwise, the decisions will linger and it will be out of our control. 6. Create work schedule for the works and break down the work for example, if the p...
ELECTRICAL LOAD CALCULATION CHILLER PLANT 0.5 kw per ton is an “annual average chiller -plant efficiency.” For Example, 300 TR, power consumption in kW= 324*.5 = 1.5 In the below Example, 300 TR of chiller Consumes the 193 kW of Energy. The water cooled version has a full load efficiency of about 0.7 kW/Ton. The air cooled version has a full load efficiency of about 1.1 kW/Ton. For example, if the system had a pump with a known efficiency of 65 percent and the pump delivers 250 gallons per minute to a total head of 72 feet, the horsepower of the system is: Hp = \frac{250\times 72}{3,960\times 0.65} = 6.99\text{ horsepower} H p = 3 , 9 6 0 × 0 . 6 5 2 5 0 × 7 2 = 6 . 9 9 horsepower In the above Example, efficiency is 80%. H p = 3 , 9 6 0 × 0 . 6 5 816×50 =15.85 Hp =15.85X.746 =11.8 kW Chiller Cooling Tower: 350 TR cooling tower Fan consumes 22.38 kW. Rule: 6 CFM per Watt AHU: 375 CFM PER TON Electrical POWER C...
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